Kedokteran / Kesehatan

Hypotension
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood. If it is lower than normal then it is called as low blood pressure or hypotension.
In physiology and medicine, hypotension is abnormally low blood pressure. This is best understood as a physiologic state, rather than a disease. It is often associated with shock, though not necessarily indicative of it. Hypotension is the opposite of hypertension, which is high blood pressure
Blood pressure can have many different effects on a human body. The common problem is high blood pressure, called hypertension. Another problem is having low blood pressure, called hypotension. Hypotension can be serious and it should be taken care of immediately. Low blood pressure can affect the brain and can be dangerous.
Hypotension is often caused by decreased blood volume that is known as hypovolemia. There are different reasons why this can happen. Usually there is a problem with the nervous system in the brain. Some medicines can also cause hypovolemia as a side effect.Read more...

Hypertension
Hypertension can be classified as either essential (primary) or secondary. Essential or primary hypertension means that no medical cause can be found to explain the raised blood pressure. It is common. About 90-95% of hypertension is essential hypertension. Secondary hypertension indicates that the high blood pressure is a result of (i.e., secondary to) another condition, such as kidney disease or tumours (adrenal adenoma or pheochromocytoma).
Persistent hypertension is one of the risk factors for strokes, heart attacks, heart failure and arterial aneurysm, and is a leading cause of chronic renal failure. Even moderate elevation of arterial blood pressure leads to shortened life expectancy. At severely high pressures, defined as mean arterial pressures 50% or more above average, a person can expect to live no more than a few years unless appropriately treated.Read more...

Tetanus
Tetanus is a medical condition characterized by a prolonged contraction of skeletal muscle fibers. The primary symptoms are caused by tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin produced by the Gram-positive, obligate anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani. Infection generally occurs through wound contamination and often involves a cut or deep puncture wound. As the infection progresses, muscle spasms develop in the jaw (thus the name "lockjaw") and elsewhere in the body Infection can be prevented by proper immunizatio
A tetanus infection arises when spores of the C. tetani bacteria are inserted into the body, under the skin. These bacteria tend to infect humans through some sort of cut or laceration. Typically, they enter the body through some sort of puncture wound.Read more...